Backup

It is a process of protecting user data or system state data on to separate storage devices.
NT supported only one type of storage media, i.e. tapes.
2000&03 supports tapes, floppies, HDDS (Hard Disk Drives), zip floppies, RSD (Remote Storage Devices)

Back up utilities: 
The default backup utility provided by NT, 2000, 2003.
NTbackup utility Comes along with the OS. Provides minimum benefits could have optimum benefits.

There are some third part utilities

1 Veritas - BackupExec
2 Veritas - Foundation suite (for UNIX flavors)
3 Veritas - volume manager
4 Tivoli storage manager (IBM)
5 Netback upStarting back up utility: 
On DCOr member serverStart
Run – ntbackup (or) start > programs> accessories>system tools>backup

Backing up a folder: 
Create a folder in D drive and a file in that
Start - run – ntbackup – click on advanced mode
Back up
Next
Select 2nd option (backup selected files.)
Expand my computer from D drive select the folder you’ve created
Next
Select the destination to save the back up
Next – select the type of back up (ex. Normal)
Check the box disables volume shadow copy
Next – finish

Verifying 
Delete the backed up folderRestoring the backed up folder: 
Start – run – (ntbackup)
Advanced – restore – next
Select the backed-up file – next – finishBack up types 
7 Normal
8 Copy
9 Incremental
10 Differential
11 Daily

1. Normal Backup:

It is a full backup backs up all selected files & folders after back up removes the Archie bit (A)

Achieve Bit:

It is a bit used by backup utility to know whether a file is backed up.
It is used as a backup marker.

2. Copy backup: 

Copy backs up all selected folders but does not remove archive bit after backing up. Copy is used between normal backup and incremental backup.

3. Incremental backup: 

Backs up all selected files & folders which are changed since backup marks the files as having been backed up. Removes the archive bit after back up.

4. Differential backup: 

Backs up all selected files & folders. After backup does not remove the archive bit. It backs up all the files changed since normal back up.

5. Daily backup: 

It backs up all selected files & folders created or changed during the day after backed up does not remove the archive bit.

Recommended backup strategy: 

1. If we select incremental back up it is faster and restoration is slower. I.e. more number of tapes have to be restored
2. If we go with differential backup, backup is slow, but restoration is fast i.e., just by restoring 2 tapes.

System state data:

Components of SSD:

12 AD
13 Boot files
14 System files
15 Services
16 Registry
17 Com+inf
18 Cluster info
19 I.I.S.

SSD is a data store if we want to backup complete AD we can back up system state data from backup utility.Taking a back up of system state data: 

Start - run – ntbackup – click on advanced mode 
–> backup – next-Select 3rd one system state data
–> next – save in E drive ->
create a folder (SSD) in this folder create a file with filename .bkf 
–> next – advanced - next